Thin and Thick Bowel Disease
THIN BOWEL DISEASES
anatomy:
Settled in the duodenum of the small intestine to the abdominal cavity is a mobile organ 6-8mm in length except for the part 1. Anatomically, the duodenum, the jejunum and ileum are examined in three parts. Duodenum and jejunum, ileum is placed in the upper abdomen to the lower abdomen area. spiral mucosal folds in the face by more geniştir.iç jejunum ileum the diameter of the folds in the duodenum and jejunum may be up to 1 cm in size. Microscopic serosa, muscularis mucosa, submucosa and mucosa examined.
physiology:
Digestion and absorption in the small intestine is where almost all occur. The duodenum and jejunum, bile acids and enzymes pannkreas effect with carbohydrates, fats, proteins and electrolytes are digested and absorbed. They come in the deterioration in malabsorption syndromes.
Digestion and absorption disorders:
Malabsorption disorder that finding, the food absorption Symptoms and Signs Laboratory findings
Oil oily stools, watery diarrhea, weight loss, oily stools, s.karot less.
Protein weight loss, muscle weakness, edema, serum alb.düşük
Carbohydrates bloating, rumbling, watery diarrhea, gas Acid stool, os.ishal, sol.test +
Iron Anemia, glossitis, aphthous ulcers, keliozis microcytosis, s.de.düş.dbk load.
Folic acid anemia, glossitis, aphthous ulcers macrocytosis + -ane me, ert.folatdüş
vit.b12 anemia, glossitis, neurological sequelae "" "" s.b12 fall.
Gecekörlüg of vitamin A, hyperkeratosis, s.vit a.düş.s.karot the fall.
vit.d. Osteomalacia, prok.miyopat of. I düş.s.fosfat S.kalsiy fall.
Rickets s.alk fos.yük. p.vit D fall.
Vita K bleeding, bruising Prot.zam new Long
Calcium numbness, convulsions s.kalsiy I fell.
Magnesium numbness, convulsions s.mağnezy I fell.
Zinc slow wound healing, dermatitis s.çinko fall.
Bile salts, aqueous diarrhea, secretory diarrhea
Absorption Mechanism Disorder
Lümeniç Phase Mucosal Phase Transition Phase
Hydrolysis Wirehaired limit hydrolysis of the lymphatic Article
1.Enz my failure-Kr.pankreatit primary or secondary disaccharidases enough. occlusion Lenfanjektazi-
primary
nodal disease secondary to pancreatic cancer
2.Enz inactivation-z.e.send.
3.Çabuk transi- Oil solubülasyo epithelial transition vascular surgery
1.kr.k.c.hast.safr salt 1.Ayrıştırıl have defects intestinal ischemia, atheroma, vasculitis
Hartnup Hast.cistinur the lack of production,
2.Safr secretion disorder congenital vitb12, folate
cholestatic sarlık failure
3.Safr salts dekongigasyo the 2nd Global defects, bowel surgery,
precipitation, binding of bacteria commonly-mucosal disease (celiac sprue, tropical sprue,
proliferation, z.e.send.ilaç effects, Crohn's hast.iske my hast.radyasyo, Whipple, AIDS, Infina.)
4.Safr salt loss increases, terminal ileum
resection or disease,
5.CCK secretion disorders of mucosal injury to the extreme
Luminal likelihoods;
1.İntrinsik factor deficiency, pernicious anemia
2.Bakteriyel B12 consumption, excessive bacterial growth
DIAGNOSIS:
Blood serum iron, vit.b12, Folate, s.kalsi I, Alk.Phos. and Album. Tests are done.
Oil absorption tests,
Protein absorption tests,
Carbohydrate absorption tests,
Other tests d.xylos to Schilling, bile acid absorption tests,
Intestinal mucosal examination, radiological and endoscopic biopsy
Breathing tests,
Pancreatic function tests,
TREATMENT:
1.Sebeb oriented treatment
2.Semptomatik and supportive treatment
Bowel disorders
Anatomy:
rmdir 100-125c the length of the large intestine. Cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid anatomical parts, such as colon and rectum vardır.çap the large cecum (8,5cm) distal to the correct cap narrows the sigmoid region (2,5 cm) dir.duvar on the outside longitudinal inner circular muscle layer, which creates longitudinal muscle tenia. With the contraction of the muscular layer haustrasyo and irregular folds inside oluşur.mukoz usually düzdür.histolojik as serosa, muscular layer of the mucosa and submucosa consists of.
Thick ensure that the task of the water and electrolyte intestinal absorption, progression and storage of substances in the form of the carbohydrate absorption of bacteria that absorb the oil asitlerini next sağlamaktır.b.
Bowel disorders
it's worth examining large intestinal disease into two groups. 1- organic bowel disorders, 2. Non-organic bowel disorders.
Organic bowel disorders; inflammatory bowel disease in which, tumorous diseases can be examined as benign and malignant tumor diseases, tumoral diseases,
Inflammatory bowel diseases; Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease *,
Inflammatory bowel disease
Etiology and pathogenesis; The etiology and pathogenesis of a group of diseases known as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which causes inflammation of the small and large intestines unknown.
Ulcerative colitis pathology; significantly mucosa and submucosa holding widely, vascular edema, superficial ulcers, the lamina propria of the intestine and rectum özelliklidir.kal keeps the cell infiltration and crypt abscess.
Rectal bleeding, sometimes characterized by diarrhea, exacerbation of chronic inflammation in a hastalıktır.20-60 age görülebilir.t NEW typically examination of konur.dışk by observing endoscopic symptoms and bowel, causing the same symptoms, radiological and endoscopic observation and biopsy revealed the presence of other diseases .
treatment;
Medicine * nutrition and support therapy * Psychotherapy * has * to 5-ASA drugs such as sulfasalazine therapy as next nonspecific. Different treatments can be applied depending on whether the active period of the disease.
surgery; Thick in the form of removal of the whole intestine.
Crohn's disease, oral administration in the region where disease can involve any location of the entire digestive system until all the walls of the anus digestive system activation and tutar.z from time to time occur outside the digestive system symptoms. Sick of edema, abscess, complications such as fistula and stenosis are common.
treatment;
Medicine; * * Diarrhea Diet nutrition therapy * Anti-inflammatory therapy
surgery; There is also the complication. (Obstruction, bleeding, abscesses, fistulas)
BENIGN colon tumors
Benign tumors can be investigated under 3 groups
Adenomas (neoplastic epithelial tumors)
Tubular adenoma
Tübülovillöz adenoma
Villous adenoma
Non-neoplastic epithelial tumors
Hyperplastic polyps
juvenile polyps
Peutz-Jeghers polyps
Inflammatory polyps
mucosal ledge
Non-epithelial tumors
* Lipoma
lymphoid polyps
Smooth muscle polyps
Vascular tumors
Neurogenic tumors
Other rare tumors
Adenomas are considered Prekas is lezyoz cost. The ilgilidir.b sizes and histopathological characteristics of cancerous polyps rates of adenomas polyps should be removed so that time can be seen.
Polyposis syndromes
Familial adenomatous polyposis, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Cronkhite-Canada syndrome, juvenile polyposis, neurofibromatosis, Cow Disease it may be mentioned like syndrome.
Malignant tumors of the colon
The majority of colon cancer is adenocarcinoma. The etiology is not fully known, but there is intense knowledge on this subject. In a nutshell - Genetics adenomatous polyps, Steroid hormones, inflammatory bowel disease, bile acids, diet, body iron content and transverr the amount of smoking, alcohol consumption, the situation is known as passing stomach surgery.
Diagnosis;
Radiological tests
Endoscopic tests - colonoscopy, biopsy.
treatment;
* Prophylactic measures - dietary modification, endoscopic polypectomy, such as drug therapy.
Surgical
The colonic diverticula;
Old age can be seen in the colon diverticula 20-50%. All of the intestinal mucosa, submucosa, muscularis mucosal layer of the colon wall is correct scoured out. from 1mm to 1cm width is formed so değişir.çoğunlukl sigmoid colon. Although symptoms unless there are complications hundreds of reducing the intraocular pressure may be olmayabilir.b we are tetb like whole ingestion of food.
Complications; bleeding, diverticulitis, Abs, situations such as occurred.
NON-ORGANIC bowel disorders
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
IBS bowel habits change, cramp-like pain, some suffering from constipation of karakterlidir.hasta evident by the sound of gas in the intestine and some of the patients suffer from diarrhea while şikayetçidirler.bza from both.
Over the years, colitis, mucous colitis, spastic colon, spastic bowel, has been called by names such as functional bowel disease.
IBS cause is unknown and there is no treatment. In the large intestine examination in edilir.kar considered functional for not detecting any pathology gergilik and unrest constant discomfort, although felt, bleeding, olmaz.baz patients cause serious diseases such as cancer can be severe in some people, while mild symptoms most of the pruning patients' social life etkileyebilir.hasta complaints diet, controlling stress, and sometimes administer benefiting from the drug.
diagnosis; doctors have a good history, good physical examination, laboratory tests, it is proved that there is no organic pathology, radiological and endoscopic examinations.
Treatment; cramp pains begin immediately after dinner bilinmektedir.özellikl the importance of animal fats and vegetable in the emergence of symptoms.
bilinmektedir.hasta high fibrin to affect the motility of the colon is recommended in these foods can increase stress and tension, but a few months after the beginning of the gas used and the complaints body decreases.
Sometimes used in drugs under medical supervision and may require consultation may be useful in patients with severe than .Emosyonel direction.
Source: Prof. Dr. Mehmet Gold
